Sheet metal

Sheet metal is simply metal formed into thin and flat pieces. It is one of the fundamental forms used in metalworking, and can be cut and bent into a variety of different shapes. Countless everyday objects are constructed of the material. Thicknesses can vary significantly, although extremely thin thicknesses are considered foil or leaf, and pieces thicker than 6 mm (0.25 in) are considered plate.

Sheet metal is available in flat pieces or as a coiled strip. The coils are formed by running a continuous sheet of metal through a roll slitter.

The thickness of the sheet metal is called its gauge. The gauge of sheet metal ranges from 30 gauge to about 8 gauge. The larger the gauge number, the thinner the metal.

There are many different metals that can be made into sheet metal, such as aluminum, brass, copper, steel, tin, nickel and titanium. For decorative uses, important sheet metals include silver, gold, and platinum (platinum sheet metal is also utilized as a catalyst.)

Sheet metal has applications in car bodies, airplane wings, medical tables, roofs for buildings and many other things. Sheet metal of iron and other materials with high magnetic permeability, also known as laminated steel cores, has applications in transformers and electric machines. Historically, an important use of sheet metal was in plate armor worn by cavalry, and sheet metal continues to have many decorative uses, including in horse tack.

Commutator Electric

A commutator is a rotary electrical switch in certain types of electric motors or electrical generators that periodically reverses the current direction between the rotor and the external circuit. In a motor, it applies power to the best location on the rotor, and in a generator, picks off power similarly. As a switch, it has exceptionally long life, considering the number of circuit makes and breaks that occur in normal operation.

A commutator is a common feature of direct current rotating machines. By reversing the current direction in the moving coil of a motor's armature, a steady rotating force (torque) is produced. Similarly, in a generator, reversing of the coil's connection to the external circuit provides unidirectional—direct—current to the external circuit. The first commutator-type direct current machine was built by Hippolyte Pixii in 1832, based on a suggestion by André-Marie Ampère.

What does CCCW stand for?

A sample of CCCW application - heat exchanger

What does CCCW stand for? CCCW stand for Closed Circuit Cooling Water. The reason in a power plant that have CCCW is for heat rejection system, which extracts waste heat to the atmosphere though the cooling of a water stream to a lower temperature.

Load Rejection Tests

Load Rejection Tests

A full series of load rejection tests should be performed and the results documented. These tests should include all conditions that can occur during the full range of operation. The data from these tests are needed to determine the maximum and minimum operating pressures and unit speeds.

Based upon data obtained from the hydraulic transient analysis, stop nuts on the governor main distributing valve servomotor are then set to limit the full rate opening and closing times of the wicket gates with the turbines unwatered, the governor in "main valve," and the shutdown solenoids blocked in the running position. Rapid operation of the gate limit between 0 and 100 percent will then cause the gates to operate at maximum rate. Experience has indicated that full rate closure under actual operating conditions tends to be about 10 percent faster than the unwatered setting.

To set the gate timing accurately, the stopwatch has been replaced with a position transducer attached to the servomotor and a strip chart recorder. Minimum test equipment for the load rejection tests, if required to verify the computer model, includes:

• Results of the hydraulic transient study to allow safe initial adjustments.
• Pressure transducers on the penstock and/or spiral case.
• A tachometer to measure unit overspeed.
• A position transducer on the wicket gates.
• A voltage transducer to measure the generator voltage transient.
• A strip chart recorder with at least 4 channels.

Electric Motor

An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Most electric motors operate through the interaction of magnetic fields and current-carrying conductors to generate force. The reverse process, producing electrical energy from mechanical energy, is done by generators such as an alternator or a dynamo; some electric motors can also be used as generators, for example, a traction motor on a vehicle may perfom both tasks. . Electric motors and generators are commonly referred to as electric machines.

Electric motors are found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives. They may be powered by direct current (e.g., a battery powered portable device or motor vehicle), or by alternating current from a central electrical distribution grid or inverter. The smallest motors may be found in electric wristwatches. Medium-size motors of highly standardized dimensions and characteristics provide convenient mechanical power for industrial uses. The very largest electric motors are used for propulsion of ships, pipeline compressors, and water pumps with ratings in the millions of watts. Electric motors may be classified by the source of electric power, by their internal construction, by their application, or by the type of motion they give.

The physical principle of production of mechanical force by the interactions of an electric current and a magnetic field was known as early as 1821. Electric motors of increasing efficiency were constructed throughout the 19th century, but commercial exploitation of electric motors on a large scale required efficient electrical generators and electrical distribution networks.

Some devices convert electricity into motion but do not generate usable mechanical power as a primary objective and so are not generally referred to as electric motors. For example, magnetic solenoids and loudspeakers are usually described as actuators and transducers, respectively, instead of motors. Some electric motors are used to produce torque or force.

Portable Abrasive Blast Equipment

Portable Abrasive Blast Equipment

Blast equipments to remove paint.

Rotor

The rotor is the non-stationary part of a rotary electric motor, electric generator or alternator, which rotates because the wires and magnetic field of the motor are arranged so that a torque is developed about the rotor's axis. In some designs, the rotor can act to serve as the motor's armature, across which the input voltage is supplied. The stationary part of an electric motor is the stator. A common problem is called cogging torque.

Gordon Dam - Gordon River Dam

Gordon Dam is just a few kilometers from the settlement of the power plant workers
called Strathgordon. From a lookout you have a good view to the dam. - australiapics.com

The Gordon Dam (also known as Gordon River Dam), is a double curvature arch dam on the Gordon River in Tasmania, Australia. The dam has a length of 192 m (630 ft), and a height of 140 m (459 ft),making it the tallest dam in Tasmania and the fifth-tallest in Australia.

Water from the dam drops 183 m (600 ft) underground into its power station, where three turbines of 144 MW generates up to 432 MW of power, covering about 13% of the electricity demand of Tasmania. The first two turbines were commissioned in 1978, before the third was commissioned a decade later in 1988.

The power station is fuelled by water from Lake Gordon. Water from Lake Pedder is also drawn into Lake Gordon through the McPartlans Pass Canal at 42°50′51″S 146°11′45″E.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF HYDROPOWER

ADVANTAGES:

1. Once a dam is constructed, electricity can be produced at a constant rate.
2. If electricity is not needed, the sluice gates can be shut, stopping electricity generation. The water can be saved for use another time when electricity demand is high.
3. Dams are designed to last many decades and so can contribute to the generation of electricity for many years / decades.
4. The lake that forms behind the dam can be used for water sports and leisure / pleasure activities. Often large dams become tourist attractions in their own right.
5. The lake's water can be used for irrigation purposes.
6. The build up of water in the lake means that energy can be stored until needed, when the water is released to produce electricity.
7. When in use, electricity produced by dam systems do not produce green house gases. They do not pollute the atmosphere.

DISADVANATGES:

1. Dams are extremely expensive to build and must be built to a very high standard.
2. The high cost of dam construction means that they must operate for many decades to become profitable.
3. The flooding of large areas of land means that the natural environment is destroyed.
4. People living in villages and towns that are in the valley to be flooded, must move out. This means that they lose their farms and businesses. In some countries, people are forcibly removed so that hydro-power schemes can go ahead.
5. The building of large dams can cause serious geological damage. For example, the building of the Hoover Dam in the USA triggered a number of earth quakes and has depressed the earth’s surface at its location.
6. Although modern planning and design of dams is good, in the past old dams have been known to be breached (the dam gives under the weight of water in the lake). This has led to deaths and flooding.
7. Dams built blocking the progress of a river in one country usually means that the water supply from the same river in the following country is out of their control. This can lead to serious problems between neighbouring countries.
8. Building a large dam alters the natural water table level. For example, the building of the Aswan Dam in Egypt has altered the level of the water table. This is slowly leading to damage of many of its ancient monuments as salts and destructive minerals are deposited in the stone work from ‘rising damp’ caused by the changing water table level.

source: technology student

Hydroelectricity

Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy.

Once a hydroelectric complex is constructed, the project produces no direct waste, and has a considerably lower output level of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) than fossil fuel powered energy plants. Worldwide, an installed capacity of 777 GWe supplied 2998 TWh of hydroelectricity in 2006. This was approximately 20% of the world's electricity, and accounted for about 88% of electricity from renewable sources

Stator

The stator is the stationary part of a rotor system, found in an electric generator, electric motor and biological rotors.

Depending on the configuration of a spinning electromotive device the stator may act as the field magnet, interacting with the armature to create motion, or it may act as the armature, receiving its influence from moving field coils on the rotor.

The first DC generators (known as dynamos) and DC motors put the field coils on the stator, and the power generation or motive reaction coils on the rotor. This was necessary because a continuously moving power switch known as the commutator is needed to keep the field correctly aligned across the spinning rotor. The commutator must become larger and more robust as the current increases.

The stator of these devices may be either a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. Where the stator is an electromagnet, the coil which energizes it is known as the field coil or field winding.

An AC alternator is able to produce power across multiple high-current power generation coils connected in parallel, eliminating the need for the commutator. Placing the field coils on the rotor allows for an inexpensive slip ring mechanism to transfer high-voltage, low current power to the rotating field coil.

It consists of a steel frame enclosing a hollow cylindrical core (made up of laminations of silicon steel). The laminations are to reduce hysteresis and eddy current losses.

Activer Repeater for T24 Wireless Telemetry (T24-AR)

* Wireless Active Repeater module to increase or extend range and overall coverage
* Allows T24 telemetry transmission to span around obstacles such as buildings or walls, etc.
* IP65 rated NEMA4 protected
* Integrated PCB antenna
* Simple configuration via PC using base station & T24 Toolkit software
* Battery power supply or external power supply
* 1 year manufacturer’s warranty

Hydro

Hydro may refer to:

• shortened name for hydropower, derived from water - specifically hydroelectricity
• a word part meaning fluid - examples are Magnetohydrodynamics and Electrohydrodynamics
  
• a generic name for an electric utility
  
• a generic name for electricity and electricity service
  

Fast facts on Bakun Project

FAST FACTS

The Bakun Hydroelectric Dam is the second highest concrete faced rockfill dam in the world.

Bakun dam is 207 metres high with a reservoir surface area of nearly 70,000 hectares, about the size of Singapore.

The main civil works began in 2002 by Malaysia-China Hydro Joint Venture.

A workforce of just over 3000 are on site at the peak of construction activity.

Experts, engineers, specialists and consultants worldwide are involved in this mega-project.

Upon completion, the Bakun Dam will generate 2400MW of clean electricity.

Bakun Dam is emission-free and has a 0% impact on global warming.

Strain Gauge

Typical foil strain gauge. The gauge is far more sensitive to strain in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction. The markings outside the active area help to align the gauge during installation.

A strain gauge is a device used to measure the strain of an object. Invented by Edward E. Simmons and Arthur C. Ruge in 1938, the most common type of strain gauge consists of an insulating flexible backing which supports a metallic foil pattern. The gauge is attached to the object by a suitable adhesive, such as cyanoacrylate.As the object is deformed, the foil is deformed, causing its electrical resistance to change. This resistance change, usually measured using a Wheatstone bridge, is related to the strain by the quantity known as the gauge factor.

Physical operation

A strain gauge takes advantage of the physical property of electrical conductance and its dependence on not merely the electrical conductivity of a conductor, which is a property of its material, but also the conductor's geometry. When an electrical conductor is stretched within the limits of its elasticity such that it does not break or permanently deform, it will become narrower and longer, changes that increase its electrical resistance end-to-end. Conversely, when a conductor is compressed such that it does not buckle, it will broaden and shorten, changes that decrease its electrical resistance end-to-end. From the measured electrical resistance of the strain gauge, the amount of applied stress may be inferred.

A typical strain gauge arranges a long, thin conductive strip in a zig-zag pattern of parallel lines such that a small amount of stress in the direction of the orientation of the parallel lines results in a multiplicatively larger strain over the effective length of the conductor—and hence a multiplicatively larger change in resistance—than would be observed with a single straight-line conductive wire. Strain gauges measure only local deformations and can be manufactured small enough to allow a "finite element" like analysis of the stresses to which the specimen is subject. This can be positively used in fatigue studies of materials.

New ContiComfortContact CC5 - RM200 per tyre

I already changed 4 tires for my toyota car which total cost me at RM800.00. The replacement of new tires already included balancing and alignment work.

I changed it at Jalan Kapar Klang.

Now the problem is the alignment. Already went to 2 workshop to do alignment work but until now still not good. Not sure what is the root cause. But not because of the new tires.

Looking a Solar Panel for Bird's House

Found this on the net.

Product Description

Metec Solar power station is ranging from 20watts to 10KW.
50watts=50watts solar panel
10kw=10kw solar panel

OFF-GRID SOLAR power SYSTEM 1000W (can be changed into on-grid according customer needs)
Characteristics
1) Can provide electricity for6-8h/days
2) Can guarantee that two consecutive rainy days of normal power supply.
3) Solar modules for peak power: 1000 Wp.
4) The output voltage to: 220 VAC +10% (Or 115VAC +10%)
5) Max Peak Power in one days (6-8 Hours) 6000-8000W
6) The maximum power load for the system: 800 W.
7) Protection: Battery Charger Protection, Battery Low Voltage Protection, Overload Protection

Short Circuit Protection, Thermal Protection, Fault Indication Function
1000W solar system can power the following
20 Energy Saver Bulbs
1 Radio or CD/DVD player
4 Fan
1 Refrigerator
1 Desktop / Laptop
1 20" Colour TV

Major Component
1)10PCS* Solar Modules 100w 17.2V 5.81A Polycrystalline (Mono crystalline )
2)1set * Solar Charger Controller 12V/24V 50Amps
3)1set * Solar Inverter Pure Sine Wave 24V 1000W
4)12PCS* Deep Cycle Battery Maintenance-free 12V 100AH
5)1set* Cable, Connector

Samsung Galaxy S 2 Hands-On

Samsung Galaxy S 2 Hands-On



General Samsung Galaxy S2 specs:

1. 4.3″ SUPER AMOLED Plus
2. Samsung Dual Core Application Processor
3. World Thinnest 8.49mm Slim Design
4. HSPA+ 21Mbps
5. Wi-Fi Direct
6. AllShare
7. 8MP Camera with LED Flash
8. Full HD Recording & Playback
9. NFC (Near Field Communication)
10. Game Hub, Social Hub, Music Hub, Readers Hub

Introduction to Electric Generator

In electricity generation, an electric generator is a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. A generator forces electrons in the windings to flow through the external electrical circuit. It is somewhat analogous to a water pump, which creates a flow of water but does not create the water inside. The source of mechanical energy may be a reciprocating or turbine steam engine, water falling through a turbine or waterwheel, an internal combustion engine, a wind turbine, a hand crank, compressed air or any other source of mechanical energy.



Early 20th century alternator made in Budapest, Hungary, in the power generating hall of a hydroelectric station Early Ganz Generator in Zwevegem, West Flanders, Belgium.

The reverse conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy is done by an electric motor, and motors and generators have many similarities. In fact many motors can be mechanically driven to generate electricity, and very frequently make acceptable generators.

New ContiComfortContact CC5

Conti ComfortContact CC5

Noise Breaker

Feature
Noise Breaker from Conti Silent Tread Pattern Groove Technology

Effect
Breaks air-waves in longitudinal grooves

Benefit
Reduces noise without compromising other performances

Comfortable tyre

Feature
V-Shaped Siped inner ribs

Effect
Smooth rolling throughout the tyre circumferential

Benefit
Optimum driving comfort coupled with optimum safety performance

Fuel Saving

Feature
Advanced Silica Compound Technology

Effect
Minimized rolling resistance forces for better fuel efficiency and also lower CO2 emissions

Benefit
Improve fuel economy

ASEAN ELENEX 2011 & INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION 2011 SHOWING THIS JULY!

ASEAN ELENEX 2011 & INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION 2011 SHOWING THIS JULY!

ASEAN Elenex 2011 (AE 2011) and Industrial Automation 2011 (IA 2011) will be held from 20 – 23 July 2011 at Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre. This would be an ideal business sourcing platform of Transmission & Distribution and Electrical Engineering as well as the Manufacturing Industry.

Comprising over 7,000 sq. metres of gross exhibition space, occupied by more than 400 participation companies from 29 nations, AE 2011 & IA 2011 are shows not to be missed. Some of these key industry players include Ancom, Electrical Components, Infrakomas, Megalux Lightings, Mikro, Ulusoy Electric, United U-Li Corporation Berhad, Delta Mechatronic Malaysia, Edex, Harting KGAA, KVC Industrial Supplies, Lenze, Metalworking Asia, National Instruments, Rockwell, SIEMENS and many more.

At AE 2011 & IA 2011, we will also see German and Romanian Country pavilions as well as industry pavilions from Tenaga Nasional Berhad (BVDP) and The Electrical & Electronics Association of Malaysia (TEEAM). A group from China will also be participating.

We are expecting more than 8,000 trade visitors over the 4-day period. Why not be one of the first to pre-register and enjoy the benefits of pre-booking your visitor badge! All you have to do is Pre – Register by clicking HERE and obtain your visitor badge from the dedicated “Pre-Reg counters” at the exhibition for hassle free entrance and yes a COMPLIMENTARY copy of the AE & IA 2011 Show Directory is all yours.

Don’t miss this opportunity and pre-register online today!

Deadline for pre-registration is on the 18th July 2011.

Show Opening Hours
20 - 22 July 2011
10:00am - 6:00pm

23 July 2011
10:00am - 5:00pm


CONFERENCE

A 2-day conference will be held on the 21st & 22nd July 2011. There will be two different conferences happening at the same time catering to the related industry products and services. One will be the CIRED's "SMART GRID" Conference and the other is the Energy Commission's "National Level Electrical Safety Seminar". Details of the above mention conference are as follows:


1.CIRED's "SMART GRID" conference

Date: 21st and 22nd July 2011

Venue: Plenary Theatre, KLCC

Estimated: 300 delegates

Person in charge: Zurina Manaf

TNB unit wins job in Pakistan

It seals RM43mil operation and maintenance agreement with Laraib Energy

KUALA LUMPUR: Tenaga Nasional Bhd's (TNB) unit TNB Repair and Maintenance Sdn Bhd (TNB Remaco) has secured an operation and maintenance agreement worth US$14.1mil (RM43mil) from Pakistan's Laraib Energy Ltd.

TNB Remaco will be the operator of the 84MW New Bong Escape Hydroelectric Power Complex on the Jhelum River in Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

“Under the contract, TNB Remaco will provide services for an initial period of five years with an option of extending for another seven years,” president/chief executive officer Datuk Seri Che Khalib Mohamad Noh said at the signing ceremony between TNB Remaco and Laraib Energy yesterday.

Khalib who is also the chairman of TNB Remaco said the 15-month mobilisation period was expected to commence in August.
Technical tie-up: Khalib (left) exchanging documents with Harris. With them are (from left) Energy, Water and Communications MInistry deputy secretary-general Badaruddin Mahyuddin and Pakistani Deputy High Commissioner Imtiaz A. Kazi. - Starpic by Rohaizat bin Md Darus

TNB Remaco will provide technical personnel and skilled expertise to perform daily operations as well as routine maintenance of the complex.

“This new agreement marks TNB Remaco's second collaboration with HUB Power Co (a major shareholder of Laraib Energy). The first being the operation and maintenance agreement for the 213.6MW diesel and co-generation power plant in Punjab, Pakistan,” said Khalib.

He said the agreement would further augment TNB Remaco's reputation as a one-stop service provider for power-related works and also identified TNB Remaco's repair centre as a regional repair hub, in line with TNB's aim to be a global brand.

Laraib Energy's chairman and Hub Power Co's chief executive officer Vince Harris said the company had invested some US$235mil on the hydroelectric power plant and it was well advanced in commercialisation.

He described the 84MW hydroelectric plant as a “major infrastructure project.”

Harris said TNB Remaco won the job as the group was confident with its capability and expertise.

Khalib said the company was “looking” at various opportunities for maintenance job including in Indonesia and Brunei.

He said TNB Remaco's strategy was to provide services and not buying assets.

TNB Remaco managing director Nor Azman Mufti said the group aimed to increase its overseas' revenue contribution to 40% from 10% currently.

Khalib said TNB had been working closely with the Government on the negotiation with independent power purchasers (IPP). “We look forward for the positive outcome of the negotiation with IPPs.”

He, however, declined to reveal details of the negotiations. “The details are best answered by the Government.”

Meanwhile, Khalib said TNB would not be extending its power purchase with PowerSeraya Ltd, a unit of YTL Power International Bhd when it expired on June 15.

“At the moment there's no need to extend it. We will only know if we need to purchase from Singapore at the next curtailment at the end of the month whereby Petroliam Nasional Bhd-owned gas production platform will undergo maintenance work,” he said.

Khalib said the purchase represented only 1% of total demand. He explained that TNB was buying power across the border for security reason and it was normal for any utility company to make such purchases.

“We have managed to pull through in the past two major curtailment. We're confident to pull it through this time as well,” he said, adding that there was no shortage of power supply and it had an excess capacity of 40% currently.

New Myvi 2011 - Specifications and prices

New Myvi 2011 - Specifications and prices

1.3 SX STANDARD
On the road price RM 43,900
Monthly payment 9 years RM 480.95

1.3 EZ STANDARD
On the road price RM 46,900
Monthly payment 9 years RM 513.82

1.3 SXI PREMIUM
On the road price RM 46,900
Monthly payment 9 years RM 513.82

1.3 EZI PREMIUM
On the road price RM 49,900
Monthly payment 9 years RM 546.70

1.3 SXE ELEGANCE
On the road price RM 53,900
Monthly payment 9 years RM 590.53

1.3 EZE ELEGANCE
On the road price RM 56,900
Monthly payment 9 years RM 623.41

more details: perodua

Samsung Galaxy Tab - All The Great Features (Official Promo Video) [HD]

Samsung Galaxy Tab is loaded with superb cool features, and is going to give the iPad a real tough fight. The widgets interface is specifically neat!
The video shows other features, all titled under the "It's Go Time" slogan.
For more check out http://galaxytab.samsungmobile.com

Features presented:
- Widgets (probably the highlight feature of Android so far)
- Google maps navigation
- Music & Videos portal
- Emails
- 4 e-books apps (very cool)
- 32GB SD memory slot (yes! finally a freedom from storage tyranny)
- Stream to any monitor (yet another neat capability)
- 7 Hours battery life
- Front webcam for video chat
- Adobe Flash support for games and apps (well, surely that you won't have on the iPad).

http://youtu.be/tHOZZJ_2Wjg?hd=1

Motorola Xoom - Android 3.0 Tablet

Motorola Zoom - Android 3.0 Tablet

Motorola Xoom Spec

OS Android 3.0 (Honeycomb)
Dimensions 249.1mm (h) x 167.8mm (w) x 12.9mm (d)
Display 10.1 inches 1280×800 resolution
Resolution 1280×800
Weight 730g
Processor 1GHz Dual-core processor NVIDIA Tegra 2
Battery Up to 10 hour video playback
Connectivity 3.5mm, micro USB 2.0 HS, Corporate Sync, Wi-Fi 2.4GHz & 5GHz 802.11b/g/n, Bluetooth 2.1 + EDR + HID
Network 3G, 4G LTE upgradeable, 802.11n w/Personal Hotspot
Messaging/Web/Apps Email (Corporate Sync, Google Mail, POP3/IMAP embedded, Push Email, Yahoo Mail) , WebKit w/ Flash
Audio AAC, AAC+, AMR NB, AMR WB, MP3, XMF
Video 720p capture/1080p playback/streaming, H.263, H.264, MPEG4
Camera 5 MP rear-facing camera with dual LED flash and 2MP front-facing camera
Memory 32GB on board user memory, SD card support after software update, 1GB DDR2 RAM
RAM 1GB DDR2
Input Touch Screen with pinch-to-zoom navigation

List of Hydro Power Plant in Malaysia

Hydropower

Peninsular Malaysia

Tenaga Nasional Berhad operates three hydroelectric schemes in the peninsular with an installed generating capacity of 1,911 megawatts (MW). They are the Sungai Perak, Terengganu and Cameron Highlands hydroelectric schemes with 21 dams in operation. A number of Independent Power Producers also own and operate several small hydro plants.

Sungai Perak hydroelectric scheme, with 1249 MW installed capacity:

* Sultan Azlan Shah Bersia Power Station 72 MW
* Chenderoh Power Station 40.5 MW
* Sultan Azlan Shah Kenering Power Station 120 MW
* Sungai Piah Upper Power Station 14.6 MW
* Sungai Piah Lower Power Station 54 MW
* Temenggor Power Station 348 MW
* Sultan Ismail Petra Power Station 600 MW

Terengganu hydroelectric scheme, with 400 MW installed capacity:

* Sultan Mahmud Power Station 400 MW

Cameron Highlands hydroelectric scheme, with 262 MW installed capacity:

* Sultan Yusof Jor Power Station 100 MW
* Sultan idris Woh Power Station 150 MW
* Odak Power Station 4.2 MW
* Habu Power Station 5.5 MW
* Kampong Raja Power Station 0.8 MW
* Kampong Terla Power Station 0.5 MW
* Robinson Falls Power Station 0.9 MW

Independent hydroelectric schemes

* Sg Kenerong Small Hydro Power Station in Kelantan at Sungai Kenerong, 20 MW owned by Musteq Hydro Sdn Bhd, a subsidiary of Eden Inc Berhad

Sabah and Sarawak

* Bakun Dam 2400 MW (Under construction)
* Batang Ai Dam at Lubok Antu, Sarawak 25 MW
* Murum Dam in Sarawak 944 MW (proposed)
* Tenom Pangi Dam at Tenom, Sabah 66 MW

Hydroelectric in Malaysia

Terengganu Hydroelectric Dam 400MW installed capacity

• Sultan Mahmud Power Station 4X100MW

Cameron Highlands Dam 262MW installed capacity

• Jor Dam 100MW
• Woh Dam 150MW
• Odak Dam 4.2MW
• Habu Dam 5.5MW
• Kampung Raja Dam 0.8MW
• Kampung Terla Dam 0.5MW
• Robinson Falls Dam 0.9MW

Sungai Perak Hydroelectric Dam installed capacity

• Bersia Dam 72MW
• Chenderoh Power Station 40.5MW
• Kenering Power Station 120MW
• Sungai Piah upper dam 14.6MW
  
• Sungai Piah lower dam 54MW
• Temenggor Power Station 348MW
  

Top 3 The World's Largest Power Plants

No 1 - Three Gorges 18,460 MW


China No 2 - Itaipu 14,750 MW Brazil/Paraguay

No 3 - Simon Bolivar (Guri) 10,055 MW

Micro hydro: how it works

Micro hydro uses diverted river water to local produce up to 100 KW of power. Very useful in water rich areas where access to other energy sources is difficult. Find out how it works in this minute long silent animation.

The ecological impact of small-scale hydro is minimal; but the low-level environmental effects must be taken into consideration before construction begins. Stream water will be diverted away from part of the stream, so proper caution must be exercised to ensure there is no damaging impact on the local ecology.

Ulu Jelai Hydroelectricity Project

As far as I concern, Ulu Jelai Hydroelectricity Project to be completed by 2014. Are we confident this project can be fully commissioning 3 years from nowaday? I am not sure but will update later on if I have the information. But I still believe they can manage it.

TNB awards RM2.15bil jobs for Ulu Jelai project

PETALING JAYA: Tenaga Nasional Bhd (TNB) has signed two agreements worth some RM2.15bil for its Ulu Jelai hydroelectric project.

The company said the first agreement was with SMEC International Pty Ltd and SMEC (M) Sdn Bhd consortium, which would provide detailed engineering design for the main civil works, engineering design review for electrical and mechanical works, project management and site supervision.

The contract value was A$22.1mil and RM31.1mil, which was equivalent to RM99.6mil at the prevailing exchange rates, it told Bursa Malaysia yesterday.

The second agreement is with Tindakan Mewah Sdn Bhd and Salini Costruttori SpA consortium. Under this contract, the consortium will be responsible for the main civil, electrical and mechanical works.

The main civil works consist of the construction of a dam, two water-transfer tunnels and an underground power house.

TNB said the electrical and mechanical works involved the design, manufacture, erection, testing and commissioning of two power generation plant, each with a capacity of 186MW, and the associated electrical and mechanical equipment.

It said the value of the second contract was 307 million euros and RM818.1mil, which was equivalent to RM2.05bil at the prevailing exchange rates.

The company said the contract period for the development of the Ulu Jelai hydroelectric project was five years, during which the payment to the contractors would be made in accordance with the progress.

The project cost will potentially result in an increase in TNB's net assets by about 7.1%.

TNB said the project was expected to be completed by July 2016.

---thestar

Hydojet Blasting

Hydro jetting and Hydro blaster equipment is used to direct high pressure streams of water against a surface to clean or cut the material. The steams of water released by hydro jetting and hydro blasting equipment can exceed 10,000 psi. hydro jetting and hydro blaster equipment is used for cleaning or demolition of products made of metal, wood, concrete, stone, plastic, glass or other building materials.

Specific components within a hydro jetting or hydro blaster equipment system include abrasive injectors, pressure generators, blast cabinets or booths, water guns, and water tanks. Plunger-type intensifier pumps are commonly used to generate high pressure water for water jet cutting, wet or water abrasive blasting and non-abrasive pressure washing or rinsing. Crankshaft driven plunger pumps are also used for pressure generation.

Usually crankshaft driven plunger pumps may be more efficient in electrical energy costs compared to intensifiers, but at high pressures (>20,00 psi, 137 bar) seals must be periodically replaced. Crankshaft driven plunger pumps also provide a virtually ripple free pressure source in comparison to intensifiers. An accumulator may be required to smooth out pressure fluctuations if an intensifier pump is used. In air based blast or jet systems, air compressors are typically used to generate pressure which add heavy running cost.

Water guns or lances are the apparatus within hydro jetting and hydro blaster equipment that directs the stream of water through a nozzle and at the appropriate region of the work piece.

The water tank or hopper is used for storage of water, cleaning agents, blasting media or abrasive-water slurry mixtures.

reference from: hydrojet equipment

Ulu Jelai Hydroelectric Project

The Ulu Jelai Hydroelectric Project is a 372MW hydropower development on the Bertram River in Pahang State. The scheme is estimated to produce an annual energy supply of 326GW.

The main features of the project are an 84m high dam with 1.3 million cubic meter embankment volume, a 100m wide ungated spillway, two deep sluice gates for the excavation of sediment, diversion weirs on the Telom and Lemoi rivers for the transfer of water to Susu Dam, a 20m high intake tower and an underground powerhouse cavern.

SMEC is carrying out a feasibility study for the Ulu Jelai hydroelectric project. SMEC’s services include: preparation of geotechnical investigation and topographic surveys, review of environmental data collection and hydrological studies, preparation of risk assessments during construction and operation, reservoir operation study, optimisation of hydroelectrical plant configuration, review of designs, preparation of final project layout, cost estimations and preparation of economic and financial analyses, preparation of tender design drawings and bidding documents and assistance in the tendering process.